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April 5, 1927.

Y H. E. CHIPMAN I 'n TALKING PICTURE TRANSFER MECHANISM Original Filed Jan-26. 1921 '7 Sheets-Sheet 1 HIIIIHl .Y Re. 16,586 H. E. CHIPMAN- TALKING PICTURE TRANSFER MECHANISM April 5, 1927.

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IIIIIIIIYIIIIIIIII@WMM l- L E. CHIPMAN' TALKING PICTURE TRANSFER MECHANISM Original Filed Janes. 1921 7 sheets-sheet 5 l I l I l l April 5; 1927. Re. 16,586

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i April -5', 1927..

, Re. 16,586 H. E. CHIPMAN A TALKING PICTURE TRANSFER MECHANISM Original Filed Jan-26. 1921 7 SheetS-Sheet 7 v nvewto Mn attorney Rama 1....5, 192i?. I

UNITED STATES HARRY F. CHIPMAN, oF-srnINGFIELD, nssacmisn'r'rs, AssIGNoD., BY DIRECT AND nEsNE ASSIGNMENTS, rro WILLIAM A. CHIPMAN AND Born or NEW Yoax, N. Y.

PATENT' orrica.

ANDREW ITE ROY CHIPMAN,

TALKING-PICTURE TRANSFER IECVHANISM.

originaria-1,450,992, ama Jamiary 15, i924, seria-1 No. 439,913, mea January 42e, i921. pp iication for reissiie'led l'anuary'l', 1926. Serial No. 81,110.

My invention relates in part to apparatusmy invention may be` had attention is here- 'for transferring magnetic sound records from one strip or member lto a similar strip or member. In the preferred form 0f the device a magnetic sound record on the face of a continuous film carrying'negative AiII1-.

y ages to be used inthe production of moving picturesis transferred to a similar magnetizable member on av positive film strip atthe same time that the negative images are imprinted upon the positive film to -form the positive images which are to be used for production.

In my Patent No. 1,612,359, issued December 28, 1926,' production and reproductionv of talking motion pictures, filed on even date herewith, I have described the production of a magnetic sound record on ametal ribbon or the like carried by the negative motion picture film, the photographic record and the record of the sounds accompanying the ac tion of the picture being recorded simultane-v ously o'n the Vsame film strip. For repr0duc tion, a positive must, Aof course, be printed from the negative photographic images and accordingly the magnetic sound record must be transferredv to the positive film strip.' The objectof my invention is to provide practical and'efficient mechanism for/transferring the photographic record and the sound record. In practicingmy invention the negative and positive films are progressed at a constant rate past an exposure opening, whereat the positive .images are imprinted. The negative film passes between the pole pieces of electro-magnets in which magnetism-of varying intensity is induced, corresponding y to the varying magnetic intensity ofthe magnetic sound record of the negative film.`

Y Corresponding fluctuations of current are induced in an accompanying circuit, which latter fiuctuations, preferably after being considerably amplified, are caused to vary the magnetic fieldof other electro-magnets, be-

' tween the pole pieces of which is progressed thestrip of -Inagnetizable material on the positive `filni. My invention comprises the various com binations of elements and structural details which goto make upan effective apparatus of the character referred to, as will be more "fully pointed-'out hereinafter.

In order ,that'a clearer-understanding of` by directedto the' accompanying drawings` 4forming part of this application and-illustrating one embodiment of' my invention.

In the drawings Fig. 1 represents a side ele-l vation of -a transfer mechanism of the character referred to embodying my invention; Fig. 21s a top plan view of the saine; Fig. 3

,is an enlarged end elevation of a portion "of the same; Fig. .4 is an enlarged side elevation of a part of the mechanism shown in Fig. 1A; Fig. 5 is a top plan view of either the I magnetic reproducing or recording device shown partly in section; Fig. 6 is a` section taken on line 6 6 of Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is an end elevation of the apparatus 'shown in Fig.- 6; Fig. v8 is a diagrammatic view of .the motor starting, stopping, and locking mechanism,

v and connections; Fig. 9 is a'w'iring diagram for the magnetic sound record' transfer de'- vices; Fig'. 10 is an enlargedpartial top plan vview of the apparatus correspondin to the ri t'hand en portionv of the view s own in f F-ig. 2; Figs. 11, 12land 13 are respectively cross sections taken on the lines 11-'1 1', 12-12-and 13-13 0f EFig. 2, on enlarged scales; and Figi 14 isan end elevation of the motor controlling mechanism.

Referring to the drawings, the positive :y

.film 1 is wound on a reel 2 and thenegative film 3 is wound o n a reel 4. These films are progressed from reels 2 and 4 on to reels 5 and 6 respectively.

f Eachflm, such for example as thelilm 1,

may he the usual 'transparent moving picture film having perforations 7 therethrough adjacent theedges thereof.' Strips 8, 8` of thin, narrow metal ribbonv are carried by perforat'ions 7. As shown, a pair of metal each film, adjacent `the inner edges of thev strips 8 are preferably carried by each film,

these strips onthe negative film carrying the magnetic sound record in duplicate, which record is 'transferred to o r copied on the cori responding metalstrips on the positive film,

preferably on an'amp ified scale.

' The negative film 3 vprogressed through..

` head. 9, `S that a record of corresponding magnetic vvariation shall be impresse Films 1 and 3 pass together past an exposure opening in the light box 11 where the photographic printing is effected.

sheave lf3 on shaft 14, sheave 13 being driven by a belt 15. Shafts 24 and 25 are rotated,`

each at the same speed, from shaft 14.`

i Sprockets on shafts 24 and 25 progress films 1 and 3 at the same rate, and the take-up reels 5 and 6 are driven by connections from sheaves or pulleys 16 and 17 on shafts 24 and 25.

Preferably provision is made for progressing the two films at one orvanother of variousspeeds, and for correspondingly. rotating reels l5 and 6 to take up the films.;` ASuch a. change of speed may conveniently be 1 complishcd by the mechanismy shown 'in Fig. ,12 in which shaft 14 carries a'plurality of gears 1S, 19, 20, etc.V Shaft 14 isadapted to be moved longitudinally.through its bear- `ings 21, 21 and through sheave 13, to which itis keyed, av knurled head 22 being p rovided at the end of shaft 14 for tadjusting the same. When the -shaft is in the position shown inFig. 12 gear 18 thereon will mesh with gears 23, 23 on shafts 24 and 25. lVhen shaftl 14'is pushed in somewhat, gear- 18. will moveout of `mesh with gears 23 and gear 19 will move into mesh with gears 26, 26 on shafts 24 and 25. Correspondingly gear is adapte-d to mesh with 'gears 27, 27 on shafts 24 and 25, whereby various speeds may be given the said shafts.

The apparatus may bey supported by a main frame 28 carrying a table 29. Reels 2 and 4 are rotatively mounted on shafts 30 and 31 which are carried b'y brackets 32 and 33 extending upwardly and downwardlyl from the table or horizontal support 29.

.The heads 9and 1() are carried from support 29 by supporting means 34 and 35 as is shown in Fig-1. Reels 5- and6 are rotatably mounted on'sha'fts 36 and 37 which arecarried by brackets 38 and 39 from support 29. The light box 11 may be supported by a standard 40` and may itself serve as a support for vtable 29.

Driving connection for reel 5 is effected by a belt 41 which extends from sheave 16 on shaft 24 to a sheave 42 on shaft 36 land correspondingly-reel 6 is'rotated by. albeit 43 which extends from sheave 17 to asheave 44 on shaft 37.

- inserted in the A friction or ieldi'ng device' should vbe riving connection of lthe reels 'and 6 to'prevent the possibility of breaking the films. A suitable arrangement is shown in Fi ..11vin which sheave 42 is loosely mounte `on shaft 36 but is frictionon thev strips"8"of"film 1 passing through head 10..

ally secured thereto byv a friction disc 45 which 1s secured to shaft 36, sheave 42 being pressed into engagement with disc 45 by means of a spring 4 6 on shaft 36, the tension of which is adjusted by a nut 47 mounted on a screw threaded portion of the shaft. In the same 1nanner,.sheave 44 is connected to Yshaft 37 by a friction disc 48. A. motor 12 1s employed, thls rotating a The reels 2 and 4, from which the films are drawn, should be held frictionally so that the films will be drawn evenly therefrom. An arrangement by which' this may be accomplished is indicated in Fig. '13 in which retarding friction discs 49 and '50 .are secured on shafts 3() and 31, retarding friction fingers 51, 5l, bearing upon the friction discs with an adjustable tension controlled by springs 52, 52, upon the short shafts53, 53, upon which fingers 51 are mounted. Tension of springs 52 is. adj usted by ratchets 53 on shafts 53, cooperating with pawls 53". v

The upper or positive -iilm'l is .guided between idlers 54, 54, on the entrance side of thehead 10 and byl idlers 55, 55, after it.` vhas passed through head 10. Similarly, film 3 is guided byidlers 56,' 56 and 57, 5'7 ,id1ers 54 and 56 being carried by brackets L5,8, 58 and idlers 55 and r57 by brackets59, 59 -which extend upwardly and downwardly, respectively, from table 29.

The films which lare thus/.spaced apart when they 'pass .throughthe heads 10 and 9 are brought into parallel contacting relation i as they enter the light box 11, the two films over an idler 64, thence under s'procket which is fast on shaft. 24 (Fig. 12.), thence over` idler 66, from which point the film .is

ld on to reel 5. Similarly the film 3 passes4 .under idler 64, thence over sprocket 65 and under idler 66 from which point the film passes on to the reel.

In the recording head 10 the film l passes through a horizontal slot 67 between' the cores or pole pieces 68 and 69 of at pair of upper electromagnets 70 and 71 and the cores or pole .pieces 72 and 73 of a pair of lower electro-magnets 74 and 75. The upper pole pieces 68 and 69 are spring-pressedinto engagement with the upper surfaces of the metal strips 8, 8, on the .film 1 and the lower y pole 4pieces 72, 73, are spring-pressed into engagement with the under surface of the film in longitudinal alignment with the metal strips 8, 8. Ifthe films 1- and 3 are each provided with a single magnetizablevstripl as 8, itis, of course, only necessary to provide the headsv 10 and 9 with upper and ower electromagnets operating with the single strip in each instance.'

`together at the horizontal central sound record is progressed Each core piece such as 69v maybe carried by a spring stri 76 the ends of which areI shdably mounte on pins 77 'which eisitend lupwardly ,from 'the casing, .strip 76 being pressed downwardly by spiral springs 78 'which surround ins 77 and bear at their` v upper ends on the eads of pins 77 and at` their lower ends against'the strip 76. LThe other core pieces are spring-pressed into contacting position in similar manner. l

Thelower elecro-magnets 74 and 75 are preferably .secured in blocks 79 which are secured to the bottom of the casing While the upper electro-magnets are secured in blocks 80, '80. .which are adjustable 1n the longitudinal direction of the film,

these blocks being secured in adjusted posi.

tion by means of set screws 81, 82. By this means' the upper core pieces may be sep rated a slight distance in the longitudinal direction of the film from the core pieces of the corresponding lower electro-magnets, as I find that an improved effect is obtained when there is a slight gap in the longitudinal directionof the film between the upper.

and lower pole pieces. The casingvof the .head 10 is preferably made with separable upper and.. lower portions, which may join dicated at 83. A

The construction of the lower head 9 is preferably identical-withvthat ofthe upper head 10 and accordingly will. not. bedescribed in detail. .The mechanical arrangementvv of the recording and reproducing electro-magnets and ktheir casings is preferably the same as that which is described in my copending application production and reproduction of talking motion lpictures referred to above. v

Electrical connections whereby the magnetic-sound record on the metal strips carried by the negative `film 3 are reproduced on the metal strips 8 of the positive film 1, will now be described, referring to Fig. 9.

-Each one of the recording and reproducing 'electro-magnets isprovided with a primary and a secondary winding, each secondary winding having many more `turns than the corresponding primary windings.

Considering one upper an the corre sponding lower electro-magnet of: the reproducinfr head 9, the upper electro-mingnet is provi ed`with a ,primary winding 100 and a secondary winding 101 while the lower electro-magnet .is provided with. rimary winding 100 and a secondary winding 101. When the metal strip carr ing a magnetic tween the poleV pieces of the upper and lower. electro-mam' nets, an. electric current .which fluctuates 1n accordance with the variations off-magnetic intensity in themagnetized metal ribbonof the film will'be induced in .the primary windings 100, 100', the circuit extending to plane interminals'102 and 103, and vthence throu h I.

conductors 99 and 98 to an amplif in evice 97. y g

A vcorresponding fluctuating cur-v rent will be induced in the seconder windings 101, 101', these .being connecte in se- .ries with each other and with the terminals -1.02 and 103, the result being that a fluctuat- 1ng current from both the primary and secondary wlndings, one reenforcing the other,

\ flows into the amplif ing device v97. I prerfer toy-usean amplifier of the` audion type such as any well known audion'jamplilier,

the details of which need not be illustrated. `The upper and lower reproducing electromagnets on `the vopposite side of the film, I

which coact with the other magnetic sound record carried by the film, are woundA in cX- actly the same way, and arey connected by connections' similar to those shown to the same connection points 102- and 103to which wires 98 and 994 are. connected.

The input -circuit shownl on the right in Figure 9 lis substantially the same as the circuit shown in Figure 3 of my .said Patent 1,612,359, and the output circuit shown at the left in Figure 9 is understood to be the same as the circuit shown in Figure 3 of my said patent.

Thefiuctuations of current entering am plifierv97 are greatly amplified. The amplilied fluctuating current flows from the amf plifier.` terminal 95 through conductor 95',

throughp'ri'mary Winding 88 of an induction coil 86, through conductor 94, through the usual battery B and thence through .conductor .96 to thev amplifier terminal 96.

Conductor 94 also connects to al resist.-y

ance R, the other side of which is connected by conductors. 94 and A89 to the primary 84" of the erasing coil. The negative of battery B is connected by conductors 91 andv 89 to the vprimary 84 of the recording coil, the secondary 85of this coil being connec-.ted to the secondary 87 of coil 86 by means of conductors 90 and 87 Consldermg one upper electro-magnet and the corresponding .lower electro-magnet r of v4the recording head V10, vthe upper electromagnet is provided with 'a primary Winding 84 and secondary winding 85'while the lower electro-magnet is similarly provided with primar and secondary windings 84 and 85. T ese windings are connected together and to conductors 89 and 90 in the same manner that-the windings of the reproduc-y ing head, described above, are connected to each'oher and to the conductors98 and 99. In both'the recording and reproducing electro-magnets the sccondar windings should be next to the core in eac instance.

As a result o f the construction described,

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the cores ofthe recording electro-magnets will bemagnetized with an intensity v'which varies lat each moment in accordance with the iuctuatifons of current in circuit 89 and 90 and the metal ribbons 8, carried by the positive tihn 1, will have corresponding variations ot magnetic intensity impressed thereon. rfhe fluctuating current delivered to the aiiipliier-.97 Afrom reproducing head 9 will be reproduced, greatly modified, in the vcoils of the recordingniagnets ot recording head 10, and the magnetizable iihn ribbon passing through head 10 will be magnetized in the desired manner.

The twolrns pass together across an ex-L posure opening in the light box 11, at which point" the picturesl on the positive ilm are printed in the usual manner, the light passing through the negative images on tilin 3.

Means should be provided for adjusting the eli'ective length of the exposure opening across which the films pass, the details of` which it is not thought necessary .to illustrate.

The starting andstopping of motor 12, or the starting and stopping of reels 5 and 6, constitutes a feature of my invention. At a `convenient point on table 29 vthree push buttons 104,105 and 106 are arranged, in the preferred embodiment o t' my invention. Button 104 controls the starting of motor 12, whereupon the motor circuit is closed and latched in closed position. Button 105, when depressed, serves to trip the latching device referred to, so as to stop the motor` it' button 104 is in raised position. 'Button 106 Vcloses a locking circuit, the actua` tion ott' which makes it impossible to start the motor until the trip button 105 has firstl been depressed. e

These results are effected by means of a number of electro-magnets which are shown within a :trame 107 adjacent to the motor.

The circuit connections for these devices are indicated in Fig. 8. Motor 12 may be .operated from mains 108 by means of a.

i' oo plug and socket connection indicated at 109,

109', the motor circuit being indicated in heavy lilies.

-Upon pressing the starting button 104, current flows from battery, or any convenient source, 110, through connection 111,

thence through contacts 112 which are closed` res ctively at 119 an/d 120. The right handv mi);

of levers 117 and 118 are accordingly depressed to close contact' at 121 and 122 and their left'hand ends are raised to close contactjat 123 and1124,tlie stationary contactsof the two pairs referred to being carried `Vby standards of'insulating material 125 and 126. 'I ievvers11.7Aa i1 d..1j18 are ofconducting 'material and the -motorf circuit vis accordingly established tlirou hlevers 117 and 118 and the contacts Whic i 'have just been closed, as

above described.

Referring to lFig. 14, one ofthe levers 117 and 118 is provided at its right hand end with an upwardly extending member 127. A horizontal pin 128 is slidably .mounted in a pair of vertical trame members 129 and 1300i the relay casing 107. This `piii carries'an armature -131 which is adapted to coact with the electro-magnets 132 and 133. A spiral spring 134 surrounds pin 128 and bears against armature 131, to press the pin to the right, referring to Fig. 14. 'When so pressed, and when the ainiature levers 117 and 118 arein neutralposition, the forward end of pin 128 bears against the face of a boss 135 on the vertical Aextension 127.

When starting button 104 has been de- .pressedyto energize electro-magnets 114 and 115, the vertical member `127 will be lowered so that the forward end of vpin 128 will be forced by spring' 134 over the top of b'oss 135. Accordingly, levers 117 and 118 wi-ll `be locked in the positions in which the same have been swung by the energizing of electroniagnets 114 and 115, and the connections of vthe motor circuit will remain closed after the starting button 104 has been released. 1t

will benoted that the armature levers in" dicated at 117 and 118 are rigidly connected to swing together, as by connectn strips 117 and 117b of insulating materia .When the motor lis to be stopped button 105 is depressed whereupon :circuit is cornpleted from battery 110 through connection 111 and the spring contacts 136 of button 105, and through electro-magnets 132 and 133 and back to battery by connection 116. The electro-magnets 132 and 133 being energized attract their armature 131 whereupon pin 128 is withdrawn from its latching position above lug 135, and levers 117 and 118 swing back into theirA neutral positions, breaking the motor ci-rcuit.

It is sometimes desirable to prevent operation of the apparatus, in which case button 106 is depressed to close contact across the spring contacts 137.

,"Wlien button 106 'is depressed, current will How from battery v110, through conducto-r 111, contacts 137, conductor 138, electromagnets 139A and 140, in series, and back to battery through conductor 116. The energization of electro-magnets 139 and -140 raises arm 127. (Fig. 14) above its normal closed by depressing button 104.' In order to operate'the apparatus it is accordingly necessary to depress the trip button 105 whereuponelectro-magnets 132 and 133 will be energized to withdraw pin 128 from ,its

ingly a stationary contact member 141A is provided, and also a Contacty member 142 comprising a spring strip, the upper and lower ends of which, 143, are adapted to be engaged by the film Wound up on reels 5 and 6 respectively, when these Ireels have been filled. Thel contact members mentioned may be ,carried by table 29 as is 'indicated in Fig. 1.

Members 141 and 142 are provided with I. contact points at their'upper and lower ends,

the upper contacts being brought together when the upper reel is filledand the lower so as to open the explained. A

It is thought that tlie operation of the de c ontacts when the lower reel'is filled. vIn either case circuit will be completed to energi ze the trip magnets 132l and 133. In suc-h a case current flowsfrom battery 110 through conductor 116, electro-magnets 133 and 132, thence through conductor 144, lever 145 which is pivotally mounted at 146, contacts 147, conductor 148, contacts on members 142 and 141, and thence by-conductor 149 back to battery. It will be understood that lever 145 moves with levers 117 and 118 and may .be connected thereto by strips 117'* and 117 vof insulating material, previously referred to. Accordinglywhen button 104 has beenactuated contacts 147 will be closed. .The

result. of energizingelectro-magnets 132 and 133' will be to unlatch pin 128 from boss 135 motor circuit as previously vice-will be entirely clear 4`from the above description. It should be understood that my invention is not limited strictly to the detailsof construction described but is as broad as is indicated by the accompanying claims, and also that my invention includes various sub-combinations of elements which are set-forth in some of the claims. For example, a testing machine may be 'constructed Ahaving many of the features of the complete apparatus described-herein in which a film or continuous strip bearing themagnetic sound record is run from a-reel such as that shown at 2, to. a reel such as that shown at 5 and through a A reproducing head such as that shown at 10, suitablyconnected to telephone transmitters or the like, for testing' the reproduction of the magnetic recordimpressed on the strip 8. v Suitable wiring connections for the circuits .described yabove are indicated in Fi .'10.

at I claim is and light records, the combination o ineans pair'bf electro-magnets are connected, -a circuit 11n whichv the primary and second- Vpositive film carrying a strip o magnetiz- 1. In an apparatus for re'l'npducing-filml `carrying syncgrg'nized and registerin 'sound -netic soundrecord on said strip of mag-lv f netizable material, during the progressof said films.

2. In an lapparatus for reproducing film carrying synchronized and registeringr sound and light records, the/combination of a' pair of electro-magnets, ineans for progressing between the pole/pieces thereof a strip which "is permanentlymagnetized with a'varving intensity corresponding to sound vibrations, a second pair of electro-magnets, means for progressing between the pole pieces thereof a strip of magnetizable material, each of said electro-magnets having primary and secondary windings thereon, a circuit. in which the primary andA secondary windings of said ary windings of said second pair* q`f electro? 'magnets are connected, and means for causing the fiuctuations of current in"y said first circuit to be `reprodu'ced in said second circuit;

3. In an a paratusfor reproducmg film carrying sync ronized and registering sound and light records, the combination of supply and take-up reels, a reproducing head, electro-magnets' therein, means lfor guiding a strip which is permanently magnetized with a lvarying intensity corresponding to sound vibrations, from said sup ly reel through said head, between the po e pieces of said electro-magnets, and onto said take-up reel, a shaft, means for progressing said strip therefrom, a prime mover, and means for rotating said shaft therefrom at various adjustable speeds.

4. An apparatus for reproducing film carrying synchronized and registerin sound and light records, the combination o upper and lower supply and take-up reels, means for progressing, at the same rate, a posltive film from the upper supply to the `upper take-up reel and a. negative' film from the lowe'r` supply to the lower take-u reel, said able material and said negative film ajstrip which is permanently ,magnetized with a varying intensit vcorresponding to sound 'vibrations, a lig t box, means for causing said films 1n"pass1ng from sald supply reels to saidta-kempreelsv tn pass in contact with each other lacross .the exposure openin of s aid'bo'x, to rint on the positive filmfi-om the negative 1in, recording and reproducin heads, means for causin the pgsitive an negative filmsv respective yin passingfrom 130 said supply reels to said take-u reelsl to pass through the same,said hea s containing electro-magnets aligned with said magnetiznble and magnetized strips,y and means for causing a. fluctuating current to fiow'through vthe electro-magnets of said recording head correspondingr to the current induced in the windin s of the electro-magnets of said reproducing head by the passage of the' mugnetized strip past'the same, said printing and Inagnetizng'meansjcpoperating to reproduce upon the positive'film the sound and Ilight records carried' by the negative film in sinilar synchronis'm and reglstration. 4

'1`hisspeoifcation signed this 6th day of J anuury, 1926? 5 HARRY E. CHIPMAN. n 

